If you want your money to help with the transition to the clean energy economy, most investment advisors will probably try to accommodate by finding a few green mutual funds for you.

There are now hundreds of mutual funds and ETFs that brand themselves as green, but many will not meet your definition of what is “green.” This could mean not being completely divested from fossil fuels, investing in nuclear power, or owning too much of non-fossil fuel stocks like Apple (AAPL) and Facebook (FB) and not enough green-focused  companies like Tesla (TSLA).

An investment advisor who does not consider values investing to be important will also not be particularly good a choosing investments that match your values.  So it makes sense to choose a specialist.

Below is a list of the specialist environmentally focused investment advisory firms I am aware of.  I’m sure there are many more, so if you know of them, please leave a comment.  I’d love to expand this list to have at least one in every state.  Until then, most advisors should be able to meet your needs remotely.

DISCLAIMER: Inclusion in this list should not be taken as an endorsement of any investment advisor. To be included, advisors simply have to be licensed and have environmental values investing featuring prominently on their websites.

DISCLOSURE: The author is a research analyst for JPS Global Investments. 

The post List of Green Investment Advisors appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

By Ishaan Goel

India is amongst the largest renewable energy markets in the world, ranking third in solar, fourth in wind and fifth in hydro power capacity. Due to its rapidly growing economy, India’s energy needs are constantly on the rise. Moreover, countering air pollution has become one of the government’s top priorities. To achieve this, it has set out the world’s largest expansion plan for renewable energy – a 5x increase of installed capacity to 450 GW by 2030. 

The Indian renewable energy market can broadly be divided into two categories – private firms and state-owned enterprises (known as public-sector undertakings or PSUs). The latter refers to firms founded and/or owned by the Government of India.

To promote private sector involvement in the growth of renewables, the government has relaxed some restrictive legislation for companies and investors. For instance, they have made obtaining foreign investments far easier, demystified the auction process for renewable projects and cut corporate taxes for renewable energy firms. Consequently, India has become much more attractive for investors. This is evidenced by double-digit market growth rates and doubling of FDI over the last 5 years. 

While private firms are assuming larger roles, PSUs have been spearheading the renewable movement in India for decades now. A lot of these firms are listed on the stock market. This is usually due to the government’s attempts to disinvest and reduce its expenses. It also makes these firms accountable to the public, which introduces some discipline and efficiency within them and makes them more competitive. So, publicly listed PSUs are generally comparable to private firms in terms of investability.

The government needs an estimated $72 billion by 2022 and $350 billion from 2023-2030 for its expansion plans. On an annual basis, this translates to about $30 billion of investment opportunities – almost thrice the current amount of $11 billion. At the same time, corporate and public interest is increasingly turning towards environmentally-compatible investments. 

Thus, the market has potential for strong overall growth in the decade to come. Investors hoping to profit from India’s renewable growth should begin their research with the companies detailed below (there are several more listed on various exchanges).

PRIVATE COMPANIES 

By far, the best-performing stock in the private (non-governmental) renewables market in India is Adani Green Energy (NSE: ADANIGREEN) (AGE). It is a subsidiary of the infrastructure-oriented Adani conglomerate, which is also India’s largest private power company.

AGE has almost 14 GW of capacity under construction or installed, and it intends to grow to 25 GW by 2025. It holds the ambition of becoming the largest solar company worldwide. Although its primary focus lies on solar and wind, AGE is looking for partners to diversify into equipment manufacturing and other renewables. To achieve this, it has planned to invest an additional $15 billion over the next five years into expansion operations. 

The stock has performed exceptionally well over the past 5 years, growing almost 800% over the last year alone. It has also been virtually unscathed by the Covid situation. AGE currently has a market cap of about $7.1 billion.

A similar firm is the Tata Power Company (NSE: TATAPOWER) (TPC). This is a subsidiary of the Tata Group, one of the biggest and oldest business conglomerates in the world. TPC is the largest integrated power company in India.

TPC operates primarily in solar, wind and hydro, and has a generation portfolio of about 3.8 GW, which accounts for about 30% of its total power generation. It is also India’s largest exporter of solar cells and modules, and one its largest installers of rooftop solar. Apart from this, it also produces solar pumps and filtration systems. 

The company has expressed its intentions to expand the proportion of its renewable generation in the coming years. TPC has a market cap of about $1.8 billion and annual revenues exceeding $1.2 billion.

Another subsidiary firm in the renewables sector is JSW Energy (NSE: JSWENERGY), part of the JSW conglomerate. Its parent company is India’s largest private steel manufacturer, and is also prominent in the cement and infrastructure sectors.

JSW presently has a portfolio of 1.5 GW in hydropower and a singular solar power project, which together constitute about 25% of its total capacity. It has diversified abroad by investing in natural resource companies in South Africa. 

However, the company is targeting a portfolio of 20 GW by 2025, and has committed to making renewables the core of this expansion. It recently called off a large 1 GW thermal power deal, and has pulled the plug on all expansions in the conventional sector for the time being. JSW has a market cap of about $1.17 billion and annual revenues exceeding $1.3 billion. 

Azure Power Global Ltd. (NYSE: AZRE) is the first Indian energy company with a US stock market listing. Azure is focused on bringing solar energy to India, and emphasises on its pursuit of low cost energy production. 

It has a portfolio of about 3 GW, and up to 6 GW more of projects lined up. Azure has a market cap of about $1 billion, and recorded quarterly revenue growth between 30-40% in FY19-20.

Further, it is also the first pure-play solar company in the world to offer Green Bonds under the Climate Bonds Initiative framework. Two such bonds, maturing in 2022 and 2024, have been issued to date.

INDIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY LEADERS – STATE

A list of power PSUs in India would be incomplete without the National Thermal Power Corporation (NSE: NTPC). This is the largest energy producer in India, with a total installed capacity of about 62 GW and about the same under development. 

Presently, it has a portfolio of about 4 GW in renewables, mainly focused in hydro. However, it has undertaken a commitment to increase this to 32 GW by 2030, out of a target of 130 GW. This would make renewable energy responsible for 25% of its total generated output.

NTPC recently committed $6.7 billion to renewable expansion, exhibiting massive growth potential in the sector. It currently has a market cap of about $11.5 billion, and is amongst the most profitable PSUs. 

The equivalent of NTPC in the hydropower sector is the National Hydro Power Corporation (NSE: NHPC). This venture was founded by the government in 1975, with the specific objective of promoting and developing the use of water as a renewable source. 

Since then, it has come a long way – it now has a portfolio of about 11 GW and assets worth $9 billion. NHPC has revenues exceeding $1.4 billion, and a market cap of $2.45 billion. Its fundamentals have recorded a strong growth in recent years.

Another major hydropower player is Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (NSE: SJVN), commonly referred to as SJVN. Starting from a single large project in one state in India, it has expanded substantially since then. SJVN has diversified into power transmission, solar power and wind power, and even operates in neighbouring nations like Nepal and Bhutan. Now, it is making forays into thermal power.

The current portfolio of SJVN is about 8 GW. 2.6 GW of this is installed, whilst another 2.4 GW is under active development. The firm is targeting an installed capacity of 12 MW by 2030. Its market cap is close to $1.2 billion, and its net worth is about $1.5 billion.

The Nevyeri Lignite Corporation India (NSE: NLCINDIA), founded by the government in 1956, is unique because it was initially a coal mining operation. It then expanded into thermal power generation. Recently, it has become a substantial producer of renewable energy too. 

Its portfolio is currently sized at 1.5 GW, and it plans to expand this almost threefold to 4.2 GW over the next 5 years. NLC has a market cap of about $930 million. It has assets exceeding $7.5 billion, and annual revenues of nearly $1.6 billion.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (NSE: BHEL) is the country’s largest power equipment manufacturer. As the firm of choice for most government renewable projects, it has produced equipment for solar, wind, hydro, nuclear and geothermal plants.

BHEL has a portfolio of more than 1 GW in solar farms, 30 GW in hydroelectric plants under construction, and large-scale wind and geothermal projects. It is a leading exporter of renewable equipment, with installations in over 80 countries. It also has significant holdings in cell and panel manufacturing. 

The company has several possible growth prospects. It is a leading producer of solar-powered water pumps and spacecraft solar modules, which are growing industries. Moreover, it is likely to be heavily involved in most governmental renewable operations, making it well poised for the future. BHEL currently has a market cap of around $1.7 billion and revenues exceeding $3 billion. 

CONCLUSION

The companies listed above represent the strongest and/or largest players in the Indian renewable market. There has been an encouraging commitment to green energy from companies, governments and the public alike. These factors promise investors multiple opportunities to participate in India’s renewable growth journey.

******

Ishaan Goel is a high school senior studying in the Dhirubhai Ambani International School, India. He likes applied mathematics and statistics, especially their relation to economics and finance. He is very interested in green energy and sustainable technologies, because of their potential and rising relevance for the future. Ishaan’s hobbies include writing, long-distance running, playing the keyboard and coding.

The post Leading Indian Renewable Energy Stocks appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

by Debra Fiakas, CFA

The post “Water:  Invisible Crisis” introduced a new series on water supply in Latin America, describing the lack of access to quality water despite a bountiful supply of rainfall and snow melt.  As the series has unfolded we have learned that water supply in Latin America is largely a local government undertaking.  Investment opportunities are limited to water management companies that sign on to operate government-owned infrastructure or water treatment solution providers.

Water supply to the north has inched further into the commercial realm.  A discussion of water investment would not be completed without a look at private water suppliers in the rest of the Americas.

The only one in the group to lay claim to market share in Latin America is Consolidated Water (CWCO:  Nasdaq), which operates desalination plants in the Cayman Islands and Bahamas.  In 2018, Consolidated began developing a seawater desalination plant in Rosarito, Baja California in Mexico.  The company uses reverse osmosis technology in its plants.  Reverse osmosis is notoriously energy hungry so Consolidated has deployed energy recovery devices from Energy Recovery (ERII:  Nasdaq) to reduce energy costs at several of its plants.

Consolidated is a small company, reaching $69.2 million in total revenue in the most recently reported twelve months.  However, it converted 21% of sales to operating cash flow.  That helps support nearly debt-free balance sheet and an ample dividend.  Consolidated shares trade at the lowest forward multiple in the selected group of water stocks listed in the tables below.  At a forward PE of 24.0 and a forward dividend yield of 2.1% the stock has some appeal, despite the small size of the company.

If you are the sort of investor for whom size matters, American Water Works (AWK:  NYSE) will be the best choice from among stocks in this group.  American reported $3.6 billion in total sales in the  twelve months ending September 2019, on which it collected $1.3 billion in operating cash flow.  The company needs the cash to service its hefty debt load.  Aside from Global Water Resources (GWRS:  Nasdaq) and its unique situation, American Water Works is the most leveraged among the selected water stocks.  The debt load has not dissuaded leadership from generous dividend payouts.  At the current price level, the stock offers shareholders a forward yield of 1.7%.Service Ar

Global Water Resources reported $180.1 million in long-term debt at the end of September 2019, a hefty debt load given its business base.  That said, management is aggressively executing on a growth strategy.  In August 2019, Global Water announced agreements with the City of Coolidge, Arizona and Saint Holdings, LLC to provide water, wastewater and water recycling services.  Coolidge is a bedroom community adjacent to Phoenix.   Saint Holdings is privately owned land development company that recently sold land near Inland Port Arizona to Nikola Motor Company for a proposed mega-manufacturing plant.  When fully approved and operational, the agreements will bring to fourteen the number of water, treatment and recycling utilities under Global Water Resources management.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 12/17/19.  

The post Water Stocks in the Americas appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

by Debra Fiakas, CFA

Greater energy density or the amount of energy stored is the mission of every battery developer.  The higher the energy density, the longer a battery can serve its owner.  Scientists have been adjusting circulating chemistry, cloaking electrodes in exotic metals, and otherwise tinkering with conventional battery designs.  Debate even spills over into the raw material supply chain as it has recently over the use of expensive and sometimes difficult to source cobalt as an additive to lithium ion battery designs.   Others are trying to tame silicon for use in battery anodes.

Perhaps the most daring developers have abandoned conventional battery design altogether.  New solid state battery technology relies on solid metal electrodes and even solid electrolyte. The chemistry is in general the same as when liquid electrolyte interacts with the electrodes.  However, the new design avoids leakage and corrosion at the electrodes, reducing the risk of fire.  There is also potential for a smaller form factor that means less weight than conventional batteries.  Recent advances also suggest solid state batteries can overcome energy density limitations.

Why do we not hear more about solid state batteries? Or find them in our many electronic devices?  There are still issues to resolve such as which materials are the most efficient and which production techniques yield the lowest cost end-product. Those solid state batteries that have made it to market have been limited to small cells that can compete with established and affordable battery technologies.

Besides resolving the issues of affordability and scale, solid state batteries also have technological challenges.  Solid state batteries are much safer, but there is the matter of dendrites, a build-up of lithium metal crystal in the anodes that form as the battery charges and discharges.  Dendrite build-up reduces the amount of solid electrolyte capacity and thus the stored charge.  Some developers have turned to ceramic ‘barrier’ for solid electrolytes that are lithium-metal proofed and prevent dendrite formation.

With the dendrite problem solved, solid state batteries are expected to offer consumers some enticing performance advantages:  faster charging, higher energy density, longer life cycle and greater safety.  When can consumers expect to get hold of solid state batteries?

The first commercially available solid state batteries are a particular type called thin film batteries.  These nano-sized batteries are composed of layered materials that function as electrodes and electrolyte.  Indeed, thin film solid state batteries resemble in structure conventional rechargeable batteries except they are very thin and flexible.  Besides lighter weight and small size, thin film batteries offer higher energy density for smaller electronic devices such as pacemakers, wireless sensors, smart cards, and radio frequency identification tags.

Front Edge Technology (FET) recently announced an agreement with STMicroelectronics (STM:  NYSE) to bring an ultra-thin rechargeable battery  to market.  Privately-held FET says its NanoEnergy batteries are only 200 microns thick and promise a long cycle life with more than 1,000 cycles at 50% discharge. The partners are hoping to capture a larger part of the thin film battery market that was measured by the industry research firm, iMarc, at $372 million in value in 2018.

There are other markets that are hungry for better batteries.  Privately-held Fisker, Inc. expects to reach the market with its electric car battery by 2022, but Toyota Motor (TM:  NYSE) believes it’s partnership with Panasonic Corp. (6752.T) will bring a solid state car battery to market as early as 2020. Volkswagen Group and BMW Group have been working with QuantumScapeand SolidPower Battery, respectively, but not one of the players has committed to launch dates.

Do not expect solid state batteries for utility-scale energy storage any time soon either.  So far none of the selected developers in the list below has set its sights on solar or wind power customers.  That does not mean those applications will not see a solid state battery come their way.  CleanTech Group estimates investors have committed over $1.7 billion to solid state battery development over the last five years.  Still customers with large scale requirements have yet to see all the fruits of this investment.

More capital may be needed  –  and that may be a good thing for investors who want a stake in this latest battery technology.  The list below provides the names of a few companies to watch for future opportunities.  It is worth noting that several of the privately-held companies have attracted the attention of some significant venture and strategic players in computing and automotive industries, providing strong endorsement of their technologies.  Notably several those that have received strategic investment benefit from a partner that can kick open doors to commercial markets.  Many of these strategic investors are already public companies, offering an early ticket to the solid state battery competition.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 6/14/19 as “The Solid State Of Batteries”.

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Thanks an email from a diligent reader, I have just updated our lists of Clean and Alternative Energy Mutual Funds and Clean and Alternative ETFs and Other Exchange Traded Funds.  Please follow the links to the updated lists.

Thanks to him and all the readers who help me keep AltEnergyStocks.com stock lists up to date with your comments and emails.

The post Updates to Clean Energy Mutual Fund and ETF Lists appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

by Debra Fiakas, CFA

Grand View Research, another industry research group, estimates that the graphite market could reach $93 billion by 2025, boosted mostly by new demand for electric vehicle batteries as well as batteries for electronic devices and grid-storage systems.  According to Technavio, an industry research firm, the graphite industry is estimated to grow more than 5% annually through 2025, largely on new demand for highly purified graphite material used in lithium ion battery anodes.

Among the immediate beneficiaries of this growth trend are the established graphite producers and those among the most recent entrants that have begun ringing up sales to customers.

Grand Old Lady

Founded in 1880, France’s Imerys (NK:  Paris) has a lengthy history of mining graphite and producing carbon products.  The company has a history of growth through acquisition.  A couple of its most recent deals is of particular interest to investors in the graphite sector.  In 2016, Imerys strengthened its natural graphite mining resources through a joint venture in Namibia.  The company’s natural graphite resource in Canada is nearly played out.  Then in February 2017, Imerys acquired Japan’s Nippon Power Graphite with its patented chemical vapor deposition coating process.  The moves strengthened Imerys position in supplying high-value anode material to the electric vehicle battery market.

Backward Integration

Upstream graphite producers are not the only players in the sector to grasp the power of integration.  Showa Denko (4004:  Tokyo), a producer of graphite anode material, acquired the synthetic graphite operation of SGL Group (SGL:  DE).  Investors will have to wait for the merits of that deal to unfold, especially given the building interest for the lower-cost, higher-purity natural graphite materials for batteries.

Instead, Entegris (ENTG:  Nasdaq) may have had the better approach, acquiring Texas-based POCO Graphite with its capacity to process high-valued added graphite.  Entegris offers a portfolio of produces for purifying and handling materials critical to the semiconductor and other technology industries.

Repositioning

The Showa Denko-SGL deal is particularly interesting against the backdrop of the flurry of deal making by SGL.  The German ‘carbon’ company has been remaking itself with a series of deals, the most recent of which was of sufficient importance for SGL to trigger a name change from ‘SGL Carbon’ to ‘SGL Group.’  SGL acquired shares from Tokai Carbon in the SGL Tokai process technology joint venture.  SGL management clearly sees process as important as property in the graphite sector.

Two other deals provide further insight into SGL’s strategy.   In November 2017, SGL shed its carbon electrode, cathode and furnace lining business to Triton Funds, an investor in middle industrial businesses in Europe.  With a fist full of cash from that deal, SGL bought BMW Groups 49% interest in the SGL-BMW carbon fibers joint venture.  The two back to back moves make it clear SGL intends to step away from the messier end of the carbon business and double down on the higher-value added products.

Grown-up Table

Syrah Resources (SYR:  ASX) is among the most recent players to take a seat at the grown-up table of producing graphite players.  The Australian company has only recently begun to produce graphite from its Balama natural graphite mine, but the 73 kilotons shipped in 2018, was enough to give distinction to this long aspiring graphite resource developer.

Syrah also has the battery end-market on its mind and has produced low volumes of unpurified spherical graphite from its Balama resource using pilot plants in China and Australia.  The company is targeting the U.S. market and has begun development of battery anode materials processing site in Louisiana in order to assume the profile of a domestic producer. Syrah intends to produce up to 60 kilotons per year of battery anode material in the U.S.   There have been a few stumbles in the Syrah’s initial steps as Louisiana communities fret over water supplies, swamp and river contamination from plant effluent and environmental concerns over harmful chemicals Syrah plans to use for purifying the graphite.  Most likely the company will regain its footing and move forward.

Summary

Among those graphite industry players in the list above, Entegris trades are the best value with a price multiple of 4.4 times forward earnings. However, for investors that want a stake in a company that brings graphite out of the ground and is delivering earnings to the bottom line, the best value is found in France’s Imerys.  Its common stock is currently trading at 6.9 times trailing earnings.  The stock 4.8% forward dividend yield represent icing on the cake.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 4/16/19 as  “Graphite Grown Ups.” 

The post Vertical Integration In Graphite Industry appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

The post “Integrated Graphene Producers” featured several graphene producers with novel business models that marry captive graphite sources to the technology and knowhow to produce graphene.  These are not the only graphite producers.  Although not as elegant as graphene with its svelte single-atom profile, the market for graphite has its appeal as well. Graphite has been a staple in steel industry crucibles, foundry molds and automobile brake linings.  These days graphite has moved into another even more important place in cars  –  lithium ion batteries that make electric vehicles viable as replacements for gas guzzling cars and trucks.

Spherical graphite is especially desirable because the graphite anodes hold up well against the lithium electrolyte in repeated charge and discharge cycles.  Both coated and coated spherical graphite has experienced a surge in demand.

In 2017, the lithium ion battery market consumed 105,000 metric tons of graphite  –  60,000 natural coated spherical purified graphite and 45,000 synthetic graphite.  Investors can expect these numbers to climb dramatically to keep up with the battery market.  MarketResearch, an industry research firm, estimates the lithium ion battery market will grow by 16.5% annually through 2024.  Those big numbers have quite a few miners reaching for picks and axes.  How many will gain a foothold in this big, fast growing graphite market?

The fifteen natural graphite resource developers listed below all have one thing in common  –  no revenue.  Even with the best of graphite resources under their control, management has considerable work ahead to bring the resource to market.  The reality of mineral resource exploitation is marked by high capital costs and pinched operating margins.  Several of the graphite developers have made plans to integrate forward into the hottest segment of the market  –  battery-grade graphite.  According to Industrial Minerals, spherical graphite suitable for lithium ion battery anodes is priced in a range of $2,700 to $2,800 per metric ton in China where many battery manufacturers are located.  This compares quite well to the range of about $655 to $790 per metric ton for flake graphite concentrate.

The next three posts will look at individual stocks from this list.

For those investors who have more of an appetite for revenue and profits, there are a number of graphite producers that have already reached the market.  The next post features these successes and explores valuation for graphite production.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein. Crystal Equity Research has a Speculative Buy rating on the shares of Westwater Resources, Inc. (WWR:  Nasdaq) through its CER Reports series.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 4/12/19 as part of the post “Graphite Developers Eye Large Growing Market.” 

The post Graphite Developers Eye Large Growing Market appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

Graphene is a one-atom thick sheet of carbon atom arranged in a honeycomb lattice.  It is an exceptional conductor of heat and electricity and its strength is unparalleled.  Although synthetic graphite can be used to produce graphene and it offers the benefit of consistency, natural graphite is far less expensive as a source material.  Synthetic graphite is made by combining petroleum coke with carbon black in a high heat process that burns up profits as it purifies the carbon.

There are several methods for producing graphene.  Exfoliation of natural graphite is perhaps the most common alternative because it produces the least defects and leaves the highest mobility in carbon electrons.  The two scientists who discovered graphene used adhesive tape to exfoliate graphite onto a silicon wafer.  This is unfortunately not a very efficient production technique.  Chemical solvents or an electrochemical exfoliation process achieve more efficient results.   Epitaxy is another method that involves the deposition of a crystalline graphene ‘overlayer’ on a substrate such as silicon carbide.

Several graphene producers have adopted an integrated business model coupling a captive natural graphite source with a preferred graphene production method. The verdict is still out on whether the strategy can deliver high profits.  Nonetheless, the integrated graphene producers are worth watching.

The next few posts will look at individual companies from this list.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 4/9/19 as part of the post “Integrated Graphene Producers.” 

The post Integrated Graphene Producers appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

Build up of the graphene materials industry has progressed a bit more slowly than originally expected a decade ago as scientists and engineers peered through their electron microscopes at single atoms of carbon and counted their many attributes.  At the time the potential to improve performance in end products like metal alloys and electronics seemed limitless.   Unfortunately, reality has not imitated early dreams.  Those companies that have brought graphene to the commercial market will attest to the challenges of jumping off the laboratory bench and into a factory.

Even more frustrating is the sourcing of graphene to use in research, product development and production.  It is hardly practical to use the scotch tape method used by Andre Greim and Konstantin Novoselov, the Nobel Prizing winning scientists who originally isolated graphene.  There are more scalable processes such as liquid phase exfoliation that strips one-atom thick sheets off graphite blocks.

In this and the next three posts we look at the production of graphene materials that have successfully scaled production. Which seem capable of extracting value from the upstream end of the supply chain?

In the next series we look at these hybrid graphene companies.

Neither the author of the Small Cap Strategist web log, Crystal Equity Research nor its affiliates have a beneficial interest in the companies mentioned herein.

This article was first published on the Small Cap Strategist weblog on 4/5/19 as part of the post “Graphene Up Stream.” 

The post Producing Graphene Materials appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PHEV) stocks are publicly traded companies which produce EVs or PHEVs, their components, or charging infrastructure.

This list was last updated on 6/3/22.

AeroVironment, Inc. (AVAV)
Blink Charging Co. (BLNK)
BYD Company, Ltd. (BYDDY)
Enova Systems, Inc. (ENVS)
EEStor Corporation (ZNNMF)
Electrameccanica Vehicles Corp. (SOLO)
Envision Solar International (EVSI)
EVgo, Inc. (EVGO)
Fisker (FSR)
GreenPower Motor Co. (GPV.V)
iShares Self-Driving EV and Tech ETF (IDRV)
Kandi Technologies Corp. (KNDI)
KraneShares Electric Vehicles and Future Mobility Index ETF (KARS)
Leo Motors (LEOM)
Lordstown Motors Corp. (RIDE)
Navitas Semiconductor Corporation (NVTS)
Nio Inc. (NIO)
Nikola Corporation (NKLA)
Proterra Inc. (PTRA)
Tesla Motors, Inc. (TSLA)
UQM Technologies (UQM)
Valeo SA (FR.PA, VLEEF, VLEEY)
Vision Marine Technologies Inc. (VMAR)
VMoto Limited (VMT.AX)
Wallbox N.V. (NYSE: WBX)
Workhorse Group Inc. (WKHS)
XL Fleet Corp. (XL)
XPeng, Inc. (XPEV)
ZAP (ZAAP)

If you know of any EV or PHEV stock that is not listed here, but which should be, please let us know in the comments. Also for stocks in the list that you think should be removed.

The post List of Electric Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Stocks appeared first on Alternative Energy Stocks.